(CCF) that initially presented in the Ophthalmology Department because of the ocular
manifestations. CFF is a clinical syndrome characterized by ocular abnormalities, which is …

Background A carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) develops spontaneously or after trauma, and
older publications suggest that the majority of CCF cases are caused by trauma. However …

The aim of this article is to report a case of direct carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) and to
outline the diagnostic pathway and interdisciplinary approach to the treatment of this …

Carotid cavernous fistulas (CCF) are vascular communications between the carotid artery
and the cavernous sinus. Ophthalmologists are called to diagnose and manage the …

A carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is an arteriovenous fistula with an abnormal connection
between the carotid artery and cavernous sinus that can be sight and life-threatening. The …

Carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal vascular shunt from the carotid artery to the
cavernous sinus. They are commonly classified based on hemodynamics, etiology or …

Background Carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) is a rare type of arteriovenous shunt that
develops within the cavernous sinus (CS). Direct CCFs entail a direct communication …

Carotid cavernous fistula is an abnormal communication between the carotid arterial system
and the cavernous sinus. We present an interesting, rare case of bilateral spontaneous …

The purpose of this paper is to describe the clinical presentation of carotid cavernous fistulas
(CCFs) managed in Hospital Egas Moniz between January 2010 and December 2020 …

Carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal communication-vascular connection
between arteries and veins in the cavernous sinus. Classification according to etiology is …