In the normal human body, the extracellular fluid pH of 7.40 is closely protected. Any
increase in acidity or alkalinity summons forth three lines of defense, starting immediately …

Acid–base disturbances are common occurrence in acute care setting, their rapid
assessment and analysis are important, and pH of 6.8–7.8 is compatible with life. The …

This issue is divided into 3 sections generally discussing the advances in fluid, electrolyte
and acid-base disorders. The first is the quick reference section which provides short articles …

The maintenance of a proton (hydrogen ion) con-centration within a relatively narrow range
is essential for normal cellular function. This is as true for newborn infants as it is for older …

It was in 1934 that Alexis Hartmann first demonstrated that electrolyte imbalances caused by
intravenous fluid administration could affect human health and alter clinical outcome; …

Many pathologic states in the neonate are associated with disruptions in normal body fluid,
electrolyte, and acid–base balance, which at times may in themselves be life threatening.• …

Extreme changes in acid-base (pH< 7.0 or> 7.7) can be life-threatening. Such severe
abnormalities can cause organ dysfunctionseizures, cerebral edema, decreased myocardial …

MAINTENANCE of the pH of body fluids within a narrow normal range is accomplished by
an elaborate system involving the action of body buffers, alterations in the rate and volume …