The Neogene oceans and continents were mosaicked to form a paleogeography similar to
today and exposed to the warm conditions of the mid Neogene to the cooling toward the …

The breakup of the former Pangea supercontinent culminated in the modern drifting
continents. Increased rifting caused the establishment of the Atlantic Ocean in the middle …

Over the last 65 Ma, our world assumed its modern shape. This timespan is divided into the
Palaeogene Period, lasting from 65 to 23 Ma and the Neogene, which extends up to the …

The transition from the Eocene to the Oligocene epochs was the most significant event in
earth history since the extinction of dinosaurs. As the first Antarctic ice sheets appeared …

Abstract Events of the Paleocene-Eocene boundary provide the clearest example to date of
how a tectonic event may have global climatic consequences. Recent advances permit well …

All Paleocene stages (ie, Danian, Selandian and Thanetian) have formally ratified
definitions, and so have the Ypresian and Lutetian Stages in the Eocene, and the Rupelian …

Eight ecosystems that were present in the Cretaceous about 100 Ma (million years ago) in
the New World eventually developed into the 12 recognized for the modern Earth. Among …

Several major episodes of Tertiary explosive volcanism coincided with sharply lowered
temperature as inferred from oxygen-isotope composition of foraminiferal tests in deep-sea …

Abstract The South Atlantic is tightly coupled to the North Atlantic climate amplifying system.
At present, enormous amounts of heat are delivered across the equator to the north, with …

We are in the grip of global warming: sea levels are rising; glaciers are melting, Arctic sea
ice is thinning, meteorological events are becoming more extreme. But how do these …