BRAF, a cytoplasmic serine–threonine protein kinase, plays a critical role in cell signaling as
an activator within the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. The most common …

1. ABSTRACT BRAF is a cytoplasmic serine-threonine protein kinasethat plays a critical role
in the MAPK signaling pathway. BRAF is the only member of the RAF family activated by …

Activating mutations in the gene encoding BRAF are the most commonly identified
oncogenic abnormalities in papillary thyroid cancer. In vitro and in vivo models have …

Purpose: Oncogenic conversion of BRAF occurs in∼ 44% of papillary thyroid carcinomas
and 24% of anaplastic thyroid carcinomas. In papillary thyroid carcinomas, this mutation is …

Genetic alteration is the driving force for thyroid tumorigenesis and progression, based upon
which novel approaches to the management of thyroid cancer can be developed. A recent …

B-Raf is an important mediator of cell proliferation and survival signals transduced via the
Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK cascade. BRAF mutations have been detected in several tumors …

Activating mutations of the BRAF gene are the most common genetic alterations in papillary
thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) and the T1799A transversion, resulting in BRAF V600E …

Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common malignant tumor of the
thyroid gland, accounting for 74–80% of all thyroid cancers. The 1799T> A transversion is an …

Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy, accounting for 85–
90% of all thyroid cancers. Genetic alternations involving the mitogen-activated protein …

In recent years, the T1799A B-type Raf kinase (BRAF) mutation in thyroid cancer has
received enthusiastic investigation, and significant progress has been made toward …