Disseminated tuberculosis among hospitalised HIV patients in South Africa: a common condition that can be rapidly diagnosed using urine-based assays

AD Kerkhoff, DA Barr, C Schutz, R Burton, MP Nicol… - Scientific reports, 2017 - nature.com
HIV-associated disseminated TB (tuberculosis) has been under-recognised and poorly
characterised. Blood culture is the gold-standard diagnostic test, but is expensive, slow, and …

HIV-associated tuberculosis: relationship between disease severity and the sensitivity of new sputum-based and urine-based diagnostic assays

SD Lawn, AD Kerkhoff, M Vogt, R Wood - BMC medicine, 2013 - Springer
Background Reducing mortality from HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) requires diagnostic
tools that are rapid and have high sensitivity among patients with poor prognosis. We …

Diagnostic accuracy, incremental yield and prognostic value of Determine TB-LAM for routine diagnostic testing for tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients requiring …

SD Lawn, AD Kerkhoff, R Burton, C Schutz, A Boulle… - BMC medicine, 2017 - Springer
Background We previously reported that one-third of HIV-positive adults requiring medical
admission to a South African district hospital had laboratory-confirmed tuberculosis (TB) and …

Rapid urine-based screening for tuberculosis to reduce AIDS-related mortality in hospitalized patients in Africa (the STAMP trial): study protocol for a randomised …

A Gupta-Wright, KL Fielding, JJ van Oosterhout… - BMC infectious …, 2016 - Springer
Background HIV-associated tuberculosis (TB) co-infection remains an enormous burden to
international public health. Post-mortem studies have highlighted the high proportion of HIV …

Rapid microbiological screening for tuberculosis in HIV-positive patients on the first day of acute hospital admission by systematic testing of urine samples using Xpert …

SD Lawn, AD Kerkhoff, R Burton, C Schutz, G van Wyk… - BMC medicine, 2015 - Springer
Background Autopsy studies of HIV/AIDS-related hospital deaths in sub-Saharan Africa
reveal frequent failure of pre-mortem diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB), which is found in 34 …

Rapid urine-based screening for tuberculosis in HIV-positive patients admitted to hospital in Africa (STAMP): a pragmatic, multicentre, parallel-group, double-blind …

A Gupta-Wright, EL Corbett, JJ van Oosterhout… - The Lancet, 2018 - thelancet.com
Background Current diagnostics for HIV-associated tuberculosis are suboptimal, with
missed diagnoses contributing to high hospital mortality and approximately 374 000 annual …

Diagnostic accuracy of a low-cost, urine antigen, point-of-care screening assay for HIV-associated pulmonary tuberculosis before antiretroviral therapy: a descriptive …

SD Lawn, AD Kerkhoff, M Vogt… - The Lancet infectious …, 2012 - thelancet.com
Background The diagnostic accuracy of sputum smear microscopy and routine chest
radiology for HIV-associated tuberculosis is poor, and culture-based diagnosis is slow …

Incremental yield of including determine-TB LAM assay in diagnostic algorithms for hospitalized and ambulatory HIV-positive patients in Kenya

H Huerga, G Ferlazzo, P Bevilacqua, B Kirubi… - PLoS …, 2017 - journals.plos.org
Background Determine-TB LAM assay is a urine point-of-care test useful for TB diagnosis in
HIV-positive patients. We assessed the incremental diagnostic yield of adding LAM to …

The risk and timing of tuberculosis diagnosed in smear-negative TB suspects: a 12 month cohort study in Harare, Zimbabwe

M Dimairo, P MacPherson, T Bandason, A Zezai… - PloS one, 2010 - journals.plos.org
Background Cases of smear-negative TB have increased dramatically in high prevalence
HIV settings and pose considerable diagnostic and management challenges. Methods and …

The diagnostic accuracy of urine-based Xpert MTB/RIF in HIV-infected hospitalized patients who are smear-negative or sputum scarce

JG Peter, G Theron, TE Muchinga, U Govender… - PloS one, 2012 - journals.plos.org
Background Hospitals in sub-Saharan Africa are inundated with HIV-infected patients and
tuberculosis (TB) is the commonest opportunistic infection in this sub-group. Up to one third …