Simple Summary The diagnostic and monitoring techniques used for urologic cancers
comprise a group of invasive methodologies that still lack sensitivity and specificity …

Urine contains cellular elements, biochemicals, and proteins derived from glomerular
filtration of plasma, renal tubule excretion, and urogenital tract secretions that reflect an …

Urine extracellular vesicles are a valuable low-invasive source of information, especially for
the cells of the genitourinary tract. In the search for biomarkers, different techniques have …

Background Because of their specific and biologically relevant cargo, urine extracellular
vesicles (EVs) constitute a valuable source of potential non-invasive biomarkers that could …

Diagnostic methods currently used for bladder cancer are cystoscopy and urine cytology.
Cystoscopy is an invasive tool and has low sensitivity for carcinoma in situ. Urine cytology is …

Clinically, the detection of bladder cancer (BCa) typically requires cystoscopy, which is
potentially harmful and sometimes accompanied by adverse effects. Thus, new biomarkers …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have an essential functional role in local tumour progression,
metastatic spread and the emergence of drug resistance in bladder, kidney and prostate …

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles, enriched in biomolecular cargo consisting of nucleic
acids, proteins, and lipids, which take part in intercellular communication and play a crucial …

Bladder cancer (BC) is the 10th most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide. Although
urine cytology and cystoscopy are current standards for BC diagnosis, both have limited …

The knowledge gained from comprehensive profiling projects that aim to define the complex
genomic alterations present within cancers will undoubtedly improve our ability to detect and …