NNK is a potent environmental carcinogen generated during tobacco processing and
smoking. The carcinogenic response to tobacco smoking is modulated by nutritional factors …

Abstract The tobacco-specific nitrosamine, 4-(methyl-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone
(NNK), is a potent carcinogen in adult rodents and variably effective transplacentally …

Detoxication of the tobacco-specific carcinogen 4-methylnitrosamino-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-
butanone (NNK) in humans is mainly due to carbonyl reduction to the chiral alcohol 4 …

Exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) has been linked to increased risk for a
number of diseases, including lung cancer. The tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4 …

The tumor-initiating activities of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), 4-
(methylnitrosamino)-4-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (iso-NNAL) and N′-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) …

The nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is a known human
carcinogen. It generates methyl and pyridyloxobutyl DNA adducts. The role of the methyl …

Methods were developed to determine the biological half-lives and rates of distribution and
elimination of N'-nitrosonor-nicotine (NNN), N'-nitrosoanatabine (NAT), 4-(methylnitros …

Abstract The sum of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol and its glucuronides (total
NNAL) is an excellent biomarker for uptake of the tobacco-specific carcinogen 4 …

(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) and its glucuronides (sum of which is
denoted as total NNAL) are metabolites of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone …

N′-Nitrosonornicotine (NNN) is one of the most important strong carcinogens in tobacco
products and is believed to play a significant role in the induction of esophageal cancer in …