This paper analyzes the role that different indices and dimensions of ethnicity play in the
process of economic development. Firstly, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of …

This paper analyzes the effect of religious diversity on economic development. We argue
that the religious polarization index is more appropriate to measure the effect of potential …

The increasing incidence of ethnic conflicts, and the much-publicized consequences of
these conflicts, have attracted the interest of many researchers in the social sciences. Many …

We examine empirically the impact of ethnic divisions on conflict, by using a specification
based on Esteban and Ray (2011). That theory links conflict intensity to three indices of …

We provide new measures of ethnic, linguistic, and religious fractionalization for about 190
countries. These measures are more comprehensive than those previously used in the …

For their empirical evaluation, several active research programs in economics and political
science require data on ethnic groups across countries.“Ethnic group,” however, is a …

We survey and assess the literature on the positive and negative effects of ethnic diversity
on economic policies and outcomes. Our focus is on communities of different size and …

This paper ia an attempt to clarify the relationship between fractionalization, polarization and
conflict. The literature on the measurement of ethnic diversity has taken as given that the …

Many claim that national economic success depends upon cultural homogeneity. We collect
new time-series data and develop new measures of ethnic, linguistic and religious …

In most studies of the impact of ethnic diversity on economic growth, diversity is
hypothesized to affect growth through its effect on macroeconomic policies. This article …