Intellectual disability (ID), also referred to as mental retardation (MR), is frequently the result
of genetic mutation. Where ID is present together with additional clinical symptoms or …

In the past decade, we have witnessed a flood of reports about mutations that cause or
contribute to intellectual disability (ID). This rapid progress has been driven in large part by …

Intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are the most common
developmental disorders present in humans. Combined, they affect between 3 and 5% of …

Intellectual disability is the most common developmental disorder characterized by a
congenital limitation in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. It often co-occurs with …

Early onset intellectual disability (ID) is one of the largest unsolved problems of health care.
Yet, it has received very little public attention in the past because many health care …

Aim of this review is to present the latest advances in the identification of the genetic
determinants of intellectual deficiency. Mental retardation (MR) is often associated with other …

Mutations in more than 450 different genes have been associated with intellectual disability
(ID) and related cognitive disorders (CDs), such as autism. It is to be expected that this …

Intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are clinically and genetically
heterogeneous diseases. Recent whole exome sequencing studies indicated that genes …

Genetics is believed to have an important role in intellectual disability (ID). Recent studies
have emphasized the involvement of de novo mutations (DNMs) in ID but the extent to which …

Background Intellectual disability (ID) is characterised by an extreme genetic heterogeneity.
Several hundred genes have been associated to monogenic forms of ID, considerably …