Iodinated contrast agents are usually classified based upon their osmolality—high, low, and
isosmolar. Iodinated contrast agents are also nephrotoxic in some but not all patients …

It is acknowledged that high osmolar contrast media are more nephrotoxic than low (LOCM)
or iso-osmolar contrast media (IOCM). However, it remains contentious whether the IOCM …

OBJECTIVES. The authors review clinical data, including those from the recent Iohexol
Cooperative Group trial, regarding the nephrotoxic potential of low-osmolar versus high …

Over 80 million doses of iodinated intravascular contrast media (CM) were administered in
the most recent tabulations of 2003, corresponding to approximately 8 million liters, making …

We have compared the renal effects of ioxitalamate, ioxaglate, and iopamidol in patients
with chronic renal failure. Sixty consecutive patients with an estimated creatinine clearance …

How contrast medium-induced nephropathy (CIN) comes about is not fully understood,
although CIN constitutes a leading cause of renal failure. Here, a short review of clinical …

Contrast agents have evolved remarkably since their use was first considered in 1896,
shortly after the first description of X-rays by Roentgen. First attempts include sodium iodide …

Experimental studies suggest that the pathogenesis of contrast media nephrotopathy is due
to a combination of renal ischemia and direct tubular epithelial cell toxicity. Clinical studies …

Nephrotoxicity of low-osmolality versus iso-osmolality contrast agents: Impact of N-
acetylcysteine. Background Recent data support that iodixanol, an iso-osmolality contrast …

Radiographic contrast agents have been in use for over 60 years to improve the visibility of
internal organs and structures in X-ray based imaging techniques such as radiography …