The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of ammonia and water hardness on
endocrine, osmoregulatory and metabolic parameters in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) …

The effects of chronic and periodic exposure to un-ionised ammonia (UIA) on growth and
food conversion efficiency in juvenile Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus were …

Piaractus mesopotamicus juveniles (total length 12±0.5 mm) were exposed to different
concentrations of ammonia‐N (un‐ionized plus ionized ammonia as nitrogen), using the …

Many species of fishes have evolved mechanisms for coping with ammonia caused by either
high ammonia environments or an inability to excrete nitrogenous wastes. Rainbow trout …

Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)(369±70 g) were exposed to nominal water ammonia levels
of 0.5 (control), 3, 22, 40, 112 and 255 μg/l NH3-N (0.05–25.3 mg/l TA-N; total ammonia-N) …

We investigated the effect of long-term ammonia exposure on feeding, growth, and some
antioxidant parameters of liver, gill, and blood of juvenile crucian carp (Carassius auratus) …

Juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum)(total length 15.16±0.92 cm and weight 19.26±4.5
g) were exposed to different concentrations of ammonia–N (unionized plus ionized …

The proposal that plasma ammonia accumulation might impair the swimming performance
of fish was first made over a decade ago, and has now proven to be the case for a number of …

The objective of this study was to determine the underlying physiological and molecular
responses to long-term sublethal ammonia exposure in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr …

Juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) were exposed periodically and chronically to
different levels of un-ionised ammonia (UIA-N) and the subsequent effect on growth and …