Objectives Literature survey has suggested that cadmium (Cd) in the general environment is
more abundant in the northern part of the coast on the sea of Japan. The present survey was …

Urinary copper and zinc concentrations and their serum levels were determined in women
environmentally exposed to cadmium, including “itai-itai” disease patients and suspected …

Cross-sectional and prospective data on urinary calcium and urinary stone disease.
Background Urinary calcium is considered a risk factor for urinary stone disease (USD) …

Background Environmental factors have been associated with the outbreak of chronic
kidney disease (CKD). We evaluated the association of Cadmium (Cd) exposure with the …

Long-term exposure to cadmium (Cd) causes renal damage in the general population. The
maximum allowable urinary Cd concentration, which was calculated from our previous study …

Long-term exposure to cadmium may cause kidney and bone damage. Urinary cadmium is
commonly used as the dose estimate for the body burden of cadmium. However, elevated …

Some residents of the Mae Sot district in Thailand have suffered long-term exposure to
elevated dietary levels of cadmium. To test the hypothesis that chronic dietary cadmium …

Decreasing renal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in association with increasing blood
cadmium levels was reported in epidemiological studies of general populations …

This study aimed to estimate the risks for renal tubular damage and osteoporosis in
individuals with long-term environmental Cd exposure. This cross-sectional study comprised …

The objectives of this study were to examine the association between urinary excretion of
cadmium (U-Cd) copper (U-Cu), and zinc (U-Zn) and the severity of two different indicators …