The current success in organ transplantation has been brought about by
immunosuppressive therapy. The calcineurin antagonists, cyclosporine and tacrolimus …

Pharmacogenetics has generated many expectations for its potential to individualize therapy
proactively and improve medical care. However, despite the huge amount of reported …

Pharmacogenetics holds the potential to allow individualized dosing of immunosuppressive
agents to optimize their therapeutic effect while minimizing adverse effects. As more …

In the last few years, novel immunosuppressive agents and new formulations, including
sirolimus, mycophenolic acid (the active metabolite of mycophenolate mofetil), tacrolimus …

The pharmacogenetics of CNIs has been widely investigated in adults, little is known about
this field in the pediatric groups. Prospective studies are needed to elucidate the effect of …

Objective Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a substrate of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Recently,
a newly discovered intron 6 single-nucleotide polymorphism in CYP3A4 (rs35599367 C> T) …

Background: In transplant patients receiving de novo anticalcineurin-free sirolimus (SRL)-
based immunosuppression, we determined the influence of cytochrome P450 3A5 …

The advent of the genomic era has brought about several new fields of study, one of them
being pharmacogenomics, which seeks to link drug treatment (pharmaco-) with the …

Membrane transporters play an essential role in the pharmacokinetics of drugs as they
mediate exchanges between biological compartments. Tacrolimus is characterized by wide …

The use of immunosuppressive agents in the treatment of transplant rejection and
autoimmune disorders is gaining momentum, with significant improvements of both graft and …