Vocal fold leukoplakia is the clinical term for a whitish patch on the vocal fold mucosa. It is
caused by prolonged tobacco smoking, consumption of alcohol, and excessive drying or …

Objectives: The nature and interpretation of vocal fold leukoplakia has been limited by small
study sizes. The present study reviewed institutional data and the published literature to …

Management of vocal fold leukoplakia continues to progress in terms of identification and
treatment. Although many work to advance our knowledge in the field and push treatment …

ObjectiveTo evaluate risk factors for poor prognosis in vocal fold leukoplakia.
MethodsClinical data were collected for 344 patients with vocal fold leukoplakia who …

Background We aimed to investigate possible causes of leukoplakia and squamous cell
carcinoma. We particularly sought to characterize the effect of smoking history because …

Background Vocal cord leukoplakia comprises a variety of lesions. The purpose of this study
was to stratify vocal leukoplakias before surgery. Methods Patients with an initial diagnosis …

Objective. To assess the effectiveness and identify vocal fold leukoplakia types appropriate
for nonsurgical treatment. Methods. The vocal fold leukoplakia in 178 patients was divided …

BACKGROUND Vocal fold leukoplakia (VFL) is a clinical diagnosis indicating the presence
of white plaque lesions on the vocal fold epithelial surface. The management of VFL remains …

Leukoplakia is a nonspecific clinical term used to describe a mucosal white patch or plaque
that cannot be easily scraped off. Leukoplakia of vocal cord represents a chronic …

Objective: To provide a reference for classification and treatment of vocal cords leukoplakia.
Methods: 640 cases of patients with vocal cords leukoplakia were divided into three groups …