Osteogenetic microenvironment is a complex constitution in which extracellular matrix
(ECM) molecules, stem cells and growth factors each interact to direct the coordinate …

Abstract Background/Aims: Several shortcomings have limited the routine use of
autogenous vascularized bone graft. The present study investigates the prefabrication of …

Introduction A major determinant of the potential size of cell/scaffold constructs in tissue
engineering is vascularization. The aims of this study were twofold: first to determine the in …

Abstract 3D-printed biofunctional scaffolds have promising applications in bone tissue
regeneration. However, the development of bioinks with rapid internal vascularization …

Promoting the growth of blood vessels within engineered tissues remains one of the main
challenge in bone tissue engineering. One way to improve angiogenesis is the use of …

Corresponding to the process of bone formation, three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds should
provide adaptive structural cues and microenvironment for bone repair at different stages …

Mass transfer restrictions of scaffolds are currently hindering the development of three-
dimensional (3D), clinically viable, and tissue-engineered constructs. For this situation, a 3D …

Polymer/bioceramic composite scaffolds have been widely regarded as promising
biomimetic substitutes for bone tissue engineering owing to their tailored mechanical …

The fabrication of osteochondral scaffolds with both structural and biochemical cues to
regulate endogenous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) behavior for …

The construction of vascularized tissue-engineered bone (VTEB) has been a promising
alternative for bone defect repair but remains a remarkable challenge. To date, there have …