Estrogens, progestins and coronary artery reactivity Page 1 © 1997 Nature Publishing
Group http://www.nature.com/naturemedicine …

Retrospective studies show that estrogen significantly decreases the development of
primary cardiovascular disease in women. The sex steroid lowers prothrombotic proteins …

1. Animal and human studies indicate that female sex hormones are protective against the
development of coronary atherosclerosis. 2. Experiments on vascular smooth muscle cells …

Epidemiological and experimental studies suggest vascular protective effects of estrogen.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is less common in premenopausal women than in men and …

An impressive body of evidence has suggested that estrogen therapy should be helpful to
slow the pathogenesis or progression of atherosclerosis. Estrogen's favorable effects on …

A large body of epidemiological evidence shows that estrogen use after the menopause
reduces the incidence of cardiovascular disease up to 50%. The use of progestin as co …

Reports have correlated the use of estrogen for the treatment of menopausal symptoms with
beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. Molecular, biochemical, preclinical, and …

The prevalence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) sharply increases in women
after menopause and may lead to heart failure. While evidence suggests that estrogens …

In contrast to numerous epidemiological studies of prevention in men, there has been limited
research into the prevention of cardiovascular disease in women. Nevertheless, sufficient …

Heart failure seems to be a different entity in women than in men because of gender-related
differences in the cardiovascular system. Myocardial hypertrophy is one independent risk …