The presence and role of heavy metals in urinary stones is debated. We investigated the
distribution of trace heavy metals in 78 calculi of well-defined composition by means of …

In this study we compared the concentrations of calcium, iron, copper and zinc in the
nucleus and the crust parts of various kinds of urinary calculi. We found that the mean …

Many theories have been put forward to explain the mechanism of stone formation and
growth. The aim of this study was to investigate the urinary, serum and stone levels of zinc …

This investigation reports the mineralogy and possible pathological significance of urinary
stones removed from patients in Fars province, Iran. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning …

Ten urinary stones composed of calcium oxalate or a mixture of calcium oxalate and calcium
phosphate were analyzed for trace metal content by emission spectroscopy. Trace metals …

Kidney stone disease is a polygenic and multifactorial disorder with a worldwide distribution,
and its incidence and prevalence are increasing. Although significant progress has been …

We examined the relationship among magnesium and calcium content in tap water, the
geological features and urinary stone incidence in Japan. The magnesium-to-calcium ratio …

In this study, the lead, cadmium, nickel, and aluminum concentrations were analyzed in
inner nucleus and outer crust parts of various kinds of urinary calculi, and the results …

The urinary stone, serum and 24-hour urine concentrations of 14 trace elements were
determined in urinary stone patients by inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission …

Introduction: It is considered that many factors may play a role in urolithiasis. Experimental
and clinical studies have shown that zinc has an inhibitory effect on urolithiasis. Materials …