Light in the near-infrared range is only moderately absorbed by water, hemoglobin, and
other significant body substances (Wilson. Patterson & Flock, 1987) and therefore …

In this chapter, we review the use of noninvasive optical imaging methods in studying
human brain function, with a view toward their possible applications to neuroergonomics …

This volume covers the latest developments in optical imaging of the brain which is
becoming an increasingly important functional neuroimaging method. Optical intrinsic …

Several methods have been employed in attempts to estimate atraumatically the in-vivo
cerebral blood flow and metabolism. One approach is to measure brain hemoglobin oxygen …

Brain activity is associated with changes in optical properties of brain tissue. Optical
measurements during brain activation can assess haemoglobin oxygenation, cytochrome-c …

Near infrared spectroscopy has recently been used to measure changes of optical
parameters (ie, light absorption or scattering) of brain tissue. The fact that the equipment is …

Our understanding of human brain function can clearly benefit from neurophysiological
techniques capable of providing dynamic maps of activity. A series of studies is reviewed …

Abstract Near infrared light (650–1100 nm) is capable of penetrating the human scalp and
skull (Wan et al. 1981). Hemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin circulating in the cerebrovascular …

It has long been known, since the work of Hill and Keynes (1949), that the intrinsic optical
properties of nerve tissue change with neuronal activity (reviewed in Cohen, 1973). There …

The present paper demonstrates functional brain mapping with an optical imaging technique
by using tissue-transparent near-infrared light. With a maximal five-channel optical …