Humans have evolved a life history characterized by the production of highly immature
offspring, the early weaning of those offspring, who then remain dependent for a decade or …

From evolutionary, comparative and life history perspectives, key features of human male life
reproductive strategies emerge. These include male-male alliance formation, involving …

Owing to humans' unique life history pattern, particularly comparatively short interbirth
intervals, early weaning, and prolonged support of multiple dependents, human females …

Objectives Research on the psychobiology of partnering and fathering has focused on
testosterone (T), oxytocin, and prolactin (PRL) as mechanisms that potentially mediate life …

Paternal investment is a defining feature of human reproductive behavior; it is substantial
compared with other primates and ubiquitous across cultures. However, given the trade‐offs …

Men have the capacity to respond to the transition to fatherhood and nurturant investments
in their partners and children with shifts in neuroendocrine function (such as decreased …

This chapter presents new research directions and hypotheses based on the evolutionary
relationships between reproductive effort and contemporary health challenges in men …

Across vertebrates, testosterone is an important mediator of reproductive trade-offs, shaping
how energy and time are devoted to parenting versus mating/competition. Based on early …

This chapter reviews research on the evolution of paternal care in humans. It examines
human fatherhood within the phylogenetic distribution of paternal care in vertebrates …

Humans are one of the few primates that regularly engage in bi-parental care of offspring.
We are distinctive among the hominids in exhibiting direct paternal care, making this …