The clinical success of TNFα blocking biologics in a growing number of immune-mediated
pathologies, including rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, ankylosing spondylitis and …

The human immune system involves highly complex and coordinated processes in which
small proteins named cytokines play a key role. Cytokines have been implicated in the …

Recent therapeutic advancements in understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms
of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have highlighted the strategies that aim to inhibit the harmful …

The cytokines TNF-α and IL-17A are elevated in a variety of autoimmune diseases, including
rheumatoid arthritis. Both cytokines are targets of several biologic drugs used in the clinic …

During the last decades, the advent of biological therapies has revolutionized the
management of several immune-mediated inflammatory disorders, as inflammatory bowel …

Success achieved so far in the blockade of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin (IL)-1 in
rheumatoid arthritis exemplifies the feasibility and potential therapeutic application of …

Introduction IL-17 has been described as a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is relevant in the
seronegative spondylarthritides with IL-17 targeted therapies being licensed for their …

Chronic inflammatory disorders comprise a significant source of morbidity, mortality and
societal cost. Conventional therapeutics have relied on rather broad spectrum inhibitors …

T cells play a role in the initiation and perpetuation of tissue inflammation that can lead to
tissue destruction. With the discovery of a number of T helper subsets and their potential …

Blockade of cytokines, particularly of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), in immuno-
inflammatory diseases, has led to the greatest advances in medicine of recent years. We did …