Color vision is an important sensory capability that enhances the detection of contrast in
retinal images. Monochromatic animals exclusively detect temporal and spatial changes in …

Many visual animals exploit spectral information for seeking food and mates, for identifying
preys and predators, and for navigation. Animals use chromatic information in two …

Spectral information is commonly processed in the brain through generation of antagonistic
responses to different wavelengths. In many species, these color opponent signals arise as …

In the perception of color, wavelengths of light reflected off objects are transformed into the
derived quantities of brightness, saturation and hue. Neurons responding selectively to hue …

Background Color vision requires comparison between photoreceptors that are sensitive to
different wavelengths of light. In Drosophila, this is achieved by the inner photoreceptors (R7 …

Color vision extracts spectral information by comparing signals from photoreceptors with
different visual pigments. Such comparisons are encoded by color-opponent neurons that …

Background Color vision is commonly assumed to rely on photoreceptors tuned to narrow
spectral ranges. In the ommatidium of Drosophila, the four types of so-called inner …

Color vision is an important sensory capability of humans and many animals. It relies on
color opponent processing in visual circuits that gradually compare the signals of …

Highlights•Color vision: more than just Opsins.•Spectral tuning differs between sexes and
species, and even within the same eye.•The distribution of different photoreceptor types …

The receptor mechanism for color vision has been extensively studied. In contrast, the circuit
(s) that transform (s) photoreceptor signals into color percepts to guide behavior remain (s) …