The principal challenge faced by any color vision system is to contend with the inherent
ambiguity of stimulus information, which represents the interaction between multiple …

Color vision is an illusion created by the interactions of billions of neurons in our brain.
There is no color in the external world; it is created by neural programs and projected onto …

Color vision is achieved by comparing the inputs from retinal photoreceptor neurons that
differ in their wavelength seansitivity. Recent studies have elucidated the distribution and …

The dual retina of humans and most vertebrates consists of multiple types of cone for colour
vision in bright light and one single type of rod, leaving these animals colour-blind at night …

The jawless fish that were ancestral to all living vertebrates had four spectral cone types that
were probably served by chromatic-opponent retinal circuits. Subsequent evolution of …

The use of spectral information in natural light to inform behaviour is one of the oldest and
most fundamental abilities of visual systems. It long-predates animals' venture onto the land …

Sensory systems provide valuable insight into the evolution of molecular mechanisms
underlying organismal anatomy, physiology, and behaviour. Visual pigments, which mediate …

Spatial resolution of insect compound eyes is much coarser than that of humans: a single
pixel of the human visual system covers about 0.008° whereas that of diurnal insects is …

Color vision depends on the visual system comparing signals that originate in different
classes of cone photoreceptors. New work shows that the different classes of cones are not …

Many animals have the potential to discriminate nonspectral colors. For humans, purple is
the clearest example of a nonspectral color. It is perceived when two color cone types in the …