Mounting evidence suggests that radiation stimulates the immune system and this
contributes to the abscopal effect, which is defined as “response at a distance from the …

Radiotherapy of cancer has been traditionally considered as a local therapy without
noticeable effects outside the irradiated fields. However, ionizing radiation exerts multiple …

The abscopal effect is potentially important for tumor control and is mediated through
cytokines and/or the immune system, mainly cell-mediated immunity. It results from loss of …

Although radiotherapy has been used for over a century to locally control tumor growth,
alone it rarely induces an abscopal response or systemic antitumor immunity capable of …

In the era of cancer immunotherapy, there is significant interest in combining conventional
cancer therapies, such as radiotherapy, with drugs that stimulate the immune system. The …

Immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) targeting the programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) has
shown promising results in the fight against cancer. Systemic anti-tumor reactions due to …

Radiotherapy (RT) is delivered for purposes of local control, but can also exert systemic
effect on remote and non-irradiated tumor deposits, which is called abscopal effect. The view …

Investigations into the interaction between radiotherapy and the host immune system have
uncovered new mechanisms that can potentially be exploited to improve the efficacy of …

Radiation therapy is a highly effective local treatment for cancer. However, sporadic events
of tumor regression in unirradiated fields, known as abscopal effect, have been observed for …

The abscopal effect is a phenomenon in which local radiotherapy is associated with the
regression of metastatic cancer at a distance from the irradiated site. The abscopal effect …