Air pollution is a heterogeneous, complex mixture of gases, liquids, and particulate matter.
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a consistent increased risk for cardiovascular …

Air pollution has been associated with significant adverse health effects leading to increased
overall morbidity and mortality of worldwide significance. Epidemiological studies have …

Cardiovascular causes have been estimated to be responsible for more than two thirds of
the considerable mortality attributed to air pollution. There is now a substantial body of …

Air pollution is increasingly recognized as an important and modifiable determinant of
cardiovascular disease in urban communities. Acute exposure has been linked to a range of …

Air pollution is well recognized as a major risk factor for chronic non-communicable
diseases and has been estimated to contribute more to global morbidity and mortality than …

Consistent evidences from both epidemiological and experimental studies have
demonstrated that short-and long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM), in particular to …

Both high arterial blood pressure (BP) and elevated levels of fine particulate matter (PM2. 5)
air pollution have been associated with an increased risk for several cardiovascular (CV) …

Since the publication of the last American Heart Association scientific statement on air
pollution and cardiovascular disease in 2010, unequivocal evidence of the causal role of …

Abstract Fine particulate matter< 2.5 μm (PM2. 5) air pollution is the most important
environmental risk factor contributing to global cardiovascular (CV) mortality and disability …

An escalating body of epidemiologic and clinical research provides compelling evidence
that exposure to fine particulate matter air pollution contributes to the development of …