Maxillofacial trauma is without doubt still a very challenging area, especially in the early
stages of care when other injuries may be present. Craniofacial trauma, with or without life …

Facial trauma, with or without life-and sight-threatening complications, may arise following
isolated injury, or it may be associated with significant injuries elsewhere. Assessment …

Panfacial trauma refers to high-energy mechanism injuries involving two or more areas of
the craniofacial skeleton, the frontal bone, the midface, and the occlusal unit. These can be …

Assessment of the eyes and visual pathways in the multiply injured patient with co-existing
craniofacial injuries can be very difficult. Although ocular injury is common in facial trauma …

Abstract Objectives In 1978 the Advanced Trauma Life Support guidelines were first
implemented and are viewed by many as the gold standard of care in the emergency setting …

Traumatic injuries affect thousands of individuals and account for billions of dollars in direct
and indirect expenditures annually. More than 9 people die every minute from injuries and …

Facial or maxillofacial trauma occurs as a consequence of physical injury to the face and
can include damage to soft tissue and bony structures either in isolation or combination …

Maxillofacial trauma poses an obvious threat to the patient's airway, which may not be
immediately evident. In the multiply injured patient, the co-existence of actual or potential …

Facial trauma can incur significant physical and psychological costs. Approximately 25% of
all injuries reported in the National Trauma Data Bank involve the face. 1 Facial trauma is …

Background The literature on facial fractures has emphasized obstruction of the airway as
the most common associated life-threatening problem. Other life-threatening injuries …