Rice (Oryza sativa) is both a vital source of food and a key model cereal for genomic
research. Insect pests are major factors constraining rice production. Here, we provide an …

Introduction As key-players of plant immunity, the proteins encoded by resistance genes (R-
genes) recognize pathogens and initiate pathogen-specific defense responses. The …

Although the antagonistic effects of host resistance against biotrophic and necrotrophic
pathogens have been documented in various plants, the underlying mechanisms are …

The fast-and ever-growing human population and rapid climate change are threatening the
global food security. As a staple food crop, rice (Oryza sativa) feeds nearly half of the world's …

Pathogen effector proteins are delivered to host cells to suppress plant immunity. However,
the mechanisms by which effector proteins function are largely unknown. Here we show that …

Pathogenic bacterial effectors suppress pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-
triggered host immunity, thereby promoting parasitism. In the presence of cognate resistance …

Most characterized plant resistance proteins belong to the nucleotide-binding domain and
Leu-rich repeat-containing (NLR) family. NLRs are present in an auto-inhibited state in the …

Plant disease resistance (R) genes are introduced into high yielding crop varieties to
improve resistance to agronomically important pathogens. The R gene‐encoded proteins …

Rice blast, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, is the most devastating disease of
rice which causes considerable economic loss worldwide. The interaction between rice and …

Epigenetic factors have recently emerged as key regulators of the defense response to
pathogens in plants. The epigenetic mechanisms underlying defense regulation have been …