Addiction is characterized by maladaptive decision‐making, a loss of control over drug
consumption and habit‐like drug seeking despite adverse consequences. These cognitive …

Addictive drugs cause persistent restructuring of several neuronal cell types in the limbic
regions of brain thought to be responsible for long-term behavioral plasticity driving …

Persistent changes in behavior and psychological function that occur as a function of
experience, such those associated with learning and memory, are thought to be due to the …

Drug-induced plasticity of excitatory synapses has been proposed to be the cellular
mechanism underlying the aberrant learning associated with addiction. Exposure to various …

Addiction is characterized by abnormalities in prefrontal cortex that are thought to allow drug-
associated cues to drive compulsive drug seeking and taking. Identification and reversal of …

Addictive drugs remodel the brain's reward circuitry, the mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA)
system, by inducing widespread adaptations of glutamatergic synapses. This drug-induced …

The prevalence of depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and drug and alcohol use disorders
peaks during adolescence. Further, up to 50% of “adult” mental health disorders emerge in …

Cocaine and amphetamine remodel dendritic spines within discrete cortico-limbic brain
structures including the orbitofrontal cortex (oPFC). Whether dendrite structure is similarly …

A hallmark of drug addiction is the uncontrollable desire to consume drugs at the expense of
severe negative consequences. Moreover, addicts that successfully refrain from drug use …

Addictive drugs have in common that they target the mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA)
system. This system originates in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and projects mainly to the …