Neural tube defects (NTDs), such as spina bifida, are common and severe birth defects in
humans but the underlying causes are poorly understood. The pathogenesis and etiology of …

The genetic basis of human neural tube defects (NTDs), such as anencephaly and spina
bifida (SB), is complex and heterogeneous. Grainyhead-like genes represent candidates for …

The neural tube defects (NTDs) spina bifida and anencephaly are widely prevalent severe
birth defects. The mouse mutant curly tail (ct/ct) has served as a model of NTDs for 50 years …

Failure of neural tube closure leads to neural tube defects (NTDs), common congenital
abnormalities in humans. Among the genes whose loss of function causes NTDs in mice …

Cranial neural tube defects (NTDs) occur in mice carrying mutant alleles of many different
genes, whereas isolated spinal NTDs (spina bifida) occur in fewer models, despite being …

Neural tube defects, including spina bifida, are among the most common birth defects
caused by failure of neural tube closure during development. They have a complex etiology …

BACKGROUND: Grainyhead genes encode a family of transcription factors that are well
conserved from fly to human. The three mammalian homologues, Grainyhead‐like‐1,‐2, and …

BACKGROUND: Folate one‐carbon metabolism has been implicated as a determinant of
susceptibility to neural tube defects (NTDs), owing to the preventive effect of maternal folic …

Background Increased apposition of the frontal and parietal bones of the skull during
embryogenesis may be a risk factor for the subsequent development of premature skull …

The transcription factor grainyhead-like 2 (GRHL2) is expressed in non-neural ectoderm
(NNE) and Grhl2 loss results in fully penetrant cranial neural tube defects (NTDs) in mice …