Background: Pelvic venous variations of congenital inferior vena cava (IVC) anomalies that
have the potential to cause problems during related surgery and interventional radiology are …

Congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava vein are rare but may cause serious
complications during abdominal aortic surgery. We present two patients with left-sided …

The numerous variations of abnormalities of the inferior vena cava (IVC) result in anomalies
such as isolated left IVC, double IVC and more than 60 types of malformation. These …

Anomalies of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are an uncommon finding in the general
population. A wide range of IVC anomalies has been described in the literature, the majority …

ABSTRACT A 62-year-old white male presented with recurrent pulmonary embolism (PE)
despite having an inferior vena cava (IVC) filter. Investigations ruled out upper limb deep …

Congenital anomalies of IVC are rare. They are seen more often in young males. They are
latent for a long time. Peripheral venous thrombosis or CVI are often the first symptoms of a …

Background Congenital absence of the inferior vena cava (AIVC) is a rare malformation
which may be associated with an increased risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). However …

Duplication of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is the most common anomaly to affect the vena
cava. Variations in the IVC are diagnosed in routine dissection studies, in retroperitoneal …

Objective Up until now, knowledge of absence of the inferior vena cava (AIVC) is limited to
case reports and small case series, usually reported shortly after diagnosis. To characterize …

Anatomical variation in the inferior vena cava can result in misdiagnosis, making a better
understanding of such variations crucial. Here we report the case of a 29 year-old male …