Chronic inflammatory mediators exert pleiotropic effects in the development of cancer. On
the one hand, inflammation favors carcinogenesis, malignant transformation, tumor growth …

The role of microenvironment interleukin 1 (IL-1) on 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MCA)–induced
carcinogenesis was assessed in IL-1–deficient mice, ie, IL-1β−/−, IL-1α−/−, IL …

Angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer because its induction is indispensable to fuel an
expanding tumor. The tumor microenvironment contributes to tumor vessel growth, and …

The IL-1 family of cytokines consists of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-33, IL-36α, IL-36β, and IL-36γ.
These proteins form four signaling receptor complexes: the IL-1 receptor (IL-1R1 and IL …

Inflammatory conditions are associated with tumor development. IL-1β is a multifunctional
and proinflammatory cytokine that affects nearly all types of cells. To investigate the role of IL …

The critical role of angiogenesis in promoting tumor growth and metastasis is strongly
established. However, tumors show considerable variation in angiogenic characteristics and …

Interleukin-1α (IL-1α) is a major alarmin cytokine which triggers and boosts the inflammatory
responses. Since its discovery in the 1940s, the structure and bioactivity of IL-1α has been …

Abstract Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an inflammatory cytokine with a well-documented role in
cancer. The cytokine binds to a membrane-bound IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) and this complex …

In the last several decades, the number of people dying from cancer-related deaths has not
reduced significantly despite phenomenal advances in the technologies related to diagnosis …

Interleukin‐8 has long been recognized to have anti‐inflammatory activity, which has been
established in various models of infection, inflammation, and cancer. Several cell types …