One measure of the communicative function of gestures is to test how speakers' gestures are
influenced by whether an addressee can see them or not, that is, by manipulating visibility …

Conversational facial gestures fit Kendon's (2004) specifications of the functions of hand
gestures. We illustrate how facial gestures in dialogue, like hand gestures, convey …

Gestures and their concurrent words are often said to be meaningfully related and co-
expressive. Research has shown that gestures and words are each particularly suited to …

Speakers frequently produce elaborate hand movements during talk that have been shown
to serve a communicative function. Nevertheless, two-thirds of the semantic content of these …

Participants in face-to-face dialogue have available to them information from a variety of
modalities that can help them to understand what is being communicated by a speaker …

One traditional view of how speech and gesture interact in talk is that gestures represent
information, which is largely redundant with respect to the information contained in the …

The semantic specificity of gesture was assessed by the ability of untrained participants to
recognize the meaning of ideational gestures in a forced-choice paradigm. Untrained …

Does gesturing primarily serve speaker internal purposes, or does it mostly facilitate
communication, for example by conveying semantic content, or easing social interaction? To …

Humans gesture even when their gestures can serve no communicative function (eg, when
the listener cannot see them). This study explores the intrapersonal function of gestures, and …

This dissertation examines the capacity of interactive gesture to contribute to discourse
structure independent of accompanying speech. The close relationship between gesture …