Background Earlier studies suggest that probiotics have protective effects in the prevention
of respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Whether such benefits apply to RTIs of viral origin and …

Viral respiratory tract infection (RTI) is the most frequent cause of infectious illnesses
including the common cold. Pharmacological solutions for treating or preventing viral RTIs …

Experimental experience suggests that microbial agents including probiotics and prebiotics
(representative microbial agents) play a critical role in defending against respiratory virus …

Viral respiratory infections are the most common diseases in humans. A large range of
etiologic agents challenge the development of efficient therapies. Research suggests that …

Alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota have profound effects on human health.
Consequently, there is great interest in identifying, characterizing, and understanding factors …

Infectious diseases related to viruses, as well as bacterial pathogens, abound in all parts of
the world, burdening health and economy. Thus, there is a dire need to find new prevention …

As the main pathogen threatening human and animal health, viruses can affect the immunity
and metabolism of bodies. There are innate microbial barriers in the digestive tract of the …

The intestinal microbiota is thought to be an important biological barrier against enteric
pathogens. Its depletion, however, also has curative effects against some viral infections …

This mini review describes the role of gut and lung microbiota during respiratory viral
infection and discusses the implication of the microbiota composition on the immune …

Vaccination is defined as the stimulation and development of the adaptive immune system
by administering specific antigens. Vaccines' efficacy, in inducing immunity, varies in …