The estrogen receptor-α (ERα) knockout mouse (αERKO) lacks ERα throughout
development; therefore, an adult model for the study of estrogen effects in male mice was …

BACKGROUND Estrogens are involved in masculine fertility and spermatogenesis.
However, little is known about estrogen involvement in human testicular organogenesis …

Deteriorated male reproductive health has been connected to overexposure to estrogens or
to imbalanced androgen-estrogen ratio. Transgenic male mice expressing human …

The modern societies are exposing us to a huge variety of potentially harmful pollutants.
Among these endocrine disruptors (EDs) have been especially scrutinized as several were …

Mammalian reproductive tract development is a tightly regulated process that can be
disrupted following exposure to drugs, toxicants, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), or …

Estrogen is synthesized in the male reproductive system and is found in high concentrations
in rete testis and seminal fluids. This luminal estrogen targets estrogen receptors (ER) along …

Testicular steroidogenesis is a tightly regulated process that produces the androgens
important for the development, maintenance and function of the male reproductive system …

Perinatal exposure to estrogens such as diethylstilbestrol (DES), and to estrogenic
chemicals, induces persistent anovulation caused by alteration of hypothalamic–pituitary …

Reproductive toxicology is concerned with chemical or physical agents interfering with
fertility in both gender. Adverse effects may be induced directly, especially in adult males by …

Humans and animals are repeatedly exposed to endocrine disruptors, many of which are
ubiquitous in the environment. Endocrine disruptors interfere with hormone action; thus …