Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling and phagocytosis are hallmarks of macrophage-mediated
innate immune responses to bacterial infection. However, the relationship between these …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are evolutionarily conserved proteins that recognize microbial
molecules and initiate host defense. To investigate how TLRs work together to fight …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are recruited to phagosomes and sample the contents of the
compartment for microbial products. In this review, we discuss the relationship between …

Phagocytosis and subsequent degradation of pathogens by macrophages play a pivotal role
in host innate immune responses to microbial infection. Recent studies have shown that Toll …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are phylogenetically conserved receptors that recognize pathogen
associated molecular patterns (PAMPS). We previously generated mice lacking TLR2 and …

The landmark discovery of pattern-recognition receptors, including Toll-like receptors
(TLRs), furthered our understanding on how the host rapidly responds to invading …

One of the mechanisms by which the innate immune system senses the invasion of
pathogenic microorganisms is through the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize …

Studies that bridge innate immunity and various diseases are making rapid advances.
Macrophages and dendritic cells play a leading role in innate immunity, using pattern …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the best-characterized membrane-bound receptors in innate
immune cells, including macrophages and dendritic cells. Upon recognition of specific …

Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are critical pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize
pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are conserved and specific …