Both protective and nonprotective effects of androgens on the cardiovascular system have
been reported. Our previous studies show that the potent androgen receptor (AR) agonist …

Physiological or supraphysiological levels of testosterone appear to be associated with the
development of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, as this …

Background Low endogenous testosterone levels have been shown to be a risk factor for
the development of cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular benefits associated with …

The increased incidence of coronary artery disease in men compared to premenopausal
women suggests a detrimental role of male hormones on the cardiovascular system …

Variation between the sexes in cardiac function have been established. The extent to which
sex hormones are responsible for these differences is unclear. The current study was …

We investigated the function of estrogen receptor-α in global myocardial ischemia and
reperfusion injury in male estrogen receptor-α knockout (ERKO) and wild-type mice. Mouse …

Hypoandrogenemia in men and hyperandrogenemia in women are associated with
increased risk of coronary artery disease but also with visceral obesity, insulin resistance …

Background: A significant and independent association between testosterone levels and
coronary events in men and women has not been confirmed in large prospective studies …

Both clinical and experimental observations support the concept that female hearts are less
susceptible to myocardial injury caused by ischemia and reperfusion. 1, 2 A large body of …