Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that leads to inflammation and
destruction of synovial joints. Despite the broad spectrum of antirheumatic drugs, this …

Advances in molecular biology and the clinical success of strategies that target tumor
necrosis factor (TNF) have led to further research into the pathophysiology of human …

Recent therapeutic advancements in understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms
of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have highlighted the strategies that aim to inhibit the harmful …

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes progressive articular
damage, functional loss, and comorbidity. The development of effective biologics and small …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory rheumatic disease. It leads to
irreversible joint damage, physical handicap, and reduced life expectancy. The past two …

In recent years, the landscape of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines has rapidly expanded
with the identification of new members proven to be involved at different extent in the …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a representative autoimmune disease that is primarily
characterized by persistent inflammation and progressive destruction of synovial joints. RA …

Success achieved so far in the blockade of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin (IL)-1 in
rheumatoid arthritis exemplifies the feasibility and potential therapeutic application of …

The human immune system involves highly complex and coordinated processes in which
small proteins named cytokines play a key role. Cytokines have been implicated in the …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic immune-mediated inflammatory disease that
can lead to joint destruction, functional disability and substantial comorbidity due to the …