TNF participates in the induction of nitric oxide (NO) production and macrophage activation,
leading to the elimination of intracellular pathogens. We previously found that TNF receptor …

Nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) is required for the resolution of acute cutaneous
leishmaniasis in resistant C57BL/6 mice. As is the case in several other infections, the …

Parasitic diseases are a serious global health concern. Many of the most common and most
severe parasitic diseases, including Chagas' disease, leishmaniasis, and schistosomiasis …

Leishmania spp. are obligate intracellular parasites that inhabit the phagolysosomes of
macrophages. Manipulation of host cell signaling pathways and gene expression by …

Inflammation stimulates immunity but can create immune privilege in some settings. Here,
we show that cutaneous Leishmania major infection stimulated expression of the immune …

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), caused by the intracellular protozoan Leishmania donovani, is
characterized by relentlessly increasing visceral parasite replication, cachexia, massive …

Type 2 nitric oxide synthase (iNOS or NOS2) was originally described as an enzyme that is
expressed in activated macrophages, generates nitric oxide (NO) from the amino acid L …

Nitric oxide (NO) derived from L–arginine by the catalytic action of inducible NO synthase
(iNOS) plays an important role in killing parasites. Many cell types express high levels of …

Macrophages play host to Leishmania major, a parasite that causes leishmaniasis in
500,000 people annually. Macrophage-expressed CD40, a costimulatory molecule, induces …

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multimeric cytosolic protein complex that assembles in
response to cellular perturbations. This assembly leads to the activation of caspase-1, which …