Introduction. Upregulation of interleukin-2 may be involved, not only in the pathophysiology
of NEPHROTIC SYNDROME, but also in steroid resistance treatment, by increasing …

Purpose Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is the most frequent form of childhood
nephrotic syndrome. Steroids represent the best therapeutic option; however, inter …

Abstract Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) inhibit Signal Transducers and
Activators of Transcription (STATs) phosphorylation by binding and inhibiting Janus Kinases …

Pro-inflammatory cytokines have been suggested in the pathogenesis of idiopathic
nephrotic syndrome (INS), with conflicting results. This study was performed to identify …

The pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) remains unknown. Several
findings suggest a role for the immune system. This study aimed to evaluate immune …

Background: The cytokines associated with idiopathic steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome
(ISSNS) have not been identified definitively, because previous studies had variable …

Introduction Glucocorticoids (GCs) are the primary treatment for nephrotic syndrome (NS),
although∼ 10% to 20% of children develop steroid-resistant NS (SRNS). Unfortunately …

Background. Steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (NS) of childhood is the most common
glomerular disease in children. The type and duration of response to corticosteroid therapy …

Background: Idiopathic Nephrotic syndrome (INS) is an immune-mediated disease in which
a number of cytokines, including IL-4 and IL-13, have been implicated in the pathogenesis …

Background: Several cytokines have a pathological association with idiopathic steroid‐
sensitive nephrotic syndrome (ISSNS) in inducing proteinuria or regulating T cells. Because …