Fairness perceptions may be affected by counterfactual comparisons. Although certain
studies using a two-player ultimatum game (UG) have shown that comparison with the …

Humans punish fairness violations both as victims and as impartial third parties, which can
maintain cooperative behavior. However, it is unknown whether similar motivations underlie …

The ability to reason about fairness plays a defining role in the development of morality.
Thus, researchers have long been interested in understanding when and how a sensitivity to …

In studies of children's resource distribution, it is almost always the case that “fair” means an
equal amount for all. In the mini-ultimatum game, players are confronted with situations in …

How does feeling hungry affect children's sharing and evaluations of others' moral decision
making? To examine this question, we gave 4-to 9-year-old children the opportunity to share …

Third-party punishment has been regarded as an important mechanism to promote fairness.
Although previous research has shown that children aged 6 and older punish unfair …

Highlights•Infants expect resources to be distributed equally to recipients.•Infants evaluate
individuals based on their adherence to fairness norms.•Sharing experience may drive the …

This research examined disadvantageous inequality aversion in 4-and 6-year-old children.
Using the resource allocation paradigm, we explored how inequality aversion was …

Although there has been extensive research on how children distribute resources with
respect to quantity, little is known about how these decisions are affected by resource …

Recent research on organizational justice suggests 3 elements of process-related justice:
procedural, interpersonal, and informational justice. Early research on the fair process effect …