The escalating epidemic of obesity has driven the prevalence of both type 1 and 2 diabetes
mellitus to historically high levels. Chronic low-grade inflammation, which is present in both …

There are three prerequisites for development of the autoimmune disease type 1 diabetes
(T1D). First, β cell-reactive T cells need to be activated; second, the response needs to be …

Background T1D is an autoimmune disease in which pancreatic islets of Langerhans are
infiltrated by immune cells resulting in the specific destruction of insulin-producing islet beta …

The nature (Th1 versus Th2) and dynamics of the autoimmune response during the
development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and after immunotherapy are …

The discovery that innate signaling pathways are involved in the mechanism that may trigger
islet inflammation and destruction holds great promise for the identification of new innate …

Summary Recent studies in Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) support an emerging model of disease
pathogenesis that involves intrinsic β-cell fragility combined with defects in both innate and …

Type 1 diabetes results from the poorly understood process of islet autoimmunity, which
ultimately leads to the loss of functional pancreatic beta cells. Mounting evidence supports …

We report here that islet-specific expression of TNF-α can play a dual role in autoimmune
diabetes, depending on its precise timing in relation to the ongoing autoimmune process. In …

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are characterized by chronic inflammation; both diseases
involve pancreatic islet inflammation, while systemic low-grade inflammation is a feature of …

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by hyperglycemia
due to progressive immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic islet β …