Purpose The transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of stroke is one of the
most commonly used models to study focal cerebral ischemia. This procedure also results in …

Purpose The retina could serve as a window of neuroinflammation, but the in vivo changes
in macrophage-like cell (MLC), such as microglia, in acute ischemic retinal stroke remain …

Middle cerebral artery occlusion in rodents remains a widely used model of ischemic stroke.
Recently, we reported the occurrence of retinal ischemia in animals subjected to middle …

Background A reliable model of ischemia–reperfusion is required to evaluate the efficacy
and safety of neuroprotective therapies for stroke. We present a novel reproducible …

Retina, one of the highest oxygen demanding tissues, is vulnerable to vascular
insufficiencies, and various ocular vascular disorders can cause chronic retinal ischemia. To …

The retina is one of the highest metabolically active tissues with a high oxygen consumption,
so insufficient blood supply leads to visual impairment. The incidence of related conditions is …

Diverse vascular diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, occlusion of retinal veins or arteries
and ocular ischemic syndrome can lead to retinal ischemia. To investigate pathological …

Purpose.: Ischemic insults give rise to severe visual deficits after blood vessel occlusion. In
this study we investigated the effects of retinal stroke on the direction-selective circuit of the …

Purpose To analyze cytokines in the retina and serum in an experimental model of central
retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) in mice. Methods CRAO was induced by laser activation of …

Background and Purpose: The retina, as an externally located neural tissue, offers unique
advantages in investigating the effect of therapeutic intervention on the brain. In this study …