Ocean acidification (OA) research seeks to understand how marine ecosystems and global
elemental cycles will respond to changes in seawater carbonate chemistry in combination …

Approximately one-quarter of the CO 2 emitted to the atmosphere annually from human
activities is absorbed by the ocean, resulting in a reduction of seawater pH and shifts in …

Over the past decade, ocean acidification (OA) has emerged as a major concern in ocean
science. The field of OA is based on certainties—uptake of carbon dioxide into the global …

A substantial body of research now exists demonstrating sensitivities of marine organisms to
ocean acidification (OA) in laboratory settings. However, corresponding in situ observations …

Global environmental change drives diversity loss and shifts in community structure. A key
challenge is to better understand the impacts on ecosystem function and to connect species …

The global nature of ocean acidification (OA) transcends habitats, ecosystems, regions, and
science disciplines. The scientific community recognizes that the biggest challenge in …

Ocean acidification (OA), a consequence of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions, poses
a serious threat to marine organisms in tropical, open-ocean, coastal, deep-sea, and high …

The threat that ocean acidification (OA) poses to marine ecosystems is now recognized and
US funding agencies have designated specific funding for the study of OA. We present a …

Ocean acidification (OA) projections are primarily based on open ocean environments,
despite the ecological importance of coastal systems in which carbonate dynamics are …

Ocean acidification (OA) is rapidly emerging as a significant problem for organisms,
ecosystems, and human societies. Globally, addressing OA and its impacts requires …