Background The Human Microbiome Project (HMP) is one of the US National Institutes of
Health Roadmap for Medical Research. Primary interests of the HMP include the …

In an effort to better understand the ancestral state of the human distal gut microbiome, we
examine feces retrieved from archaeological contexts (coprolites). To accomplish this, we …

Loss of gut microbial diversity,,,,–in industrial populations is associated with chronic
diseases, underscoring the importance of studying our ancestral gut microbiome. However …

Objectives Paleofeces are valuable to archeologists and evolutionary biologists for their
potential to yield health, dietary, and host information. As a rich source of preserved …

Over the past decade, human microbiome research has energized the study of human
evolution through a complete shift in our understanding of what it means to be human. The …

Coprolites are fossilized feces that can be used to provide information on the composition of
the intestinal microbiota and, as we show, possibly on diet. We analyzed human coprolites …

High throughput sequencing technology has opened a window into the vast communities of
bacteria that live on and in humans, demonstrating tremendous variability, and that they play …

A comprehensive view of our evolutionary history cannot ignore the ancestral features of our
gut microbiota. To provide some glimpse into the past, we searched for human gut …

Technical variation in metagenomic analysis must be minimized to confidently assess the
contributions of microbiota to human health. Here we tested 21 representative DNA …

The human gut harbors thousands of bacterial taxa. A profusion of metagenomic sequence
data has been generated from human stool samples in the last few years, raising the …