A number of studies have been conducted with the onset of secondary progressive multiple
sclerosis as an inclusion criterion or an outcome of interest. However, a standardized …

Background: The risk factors for conversion from relapsing-remitting to secondary
progressive multiple sclerosis remain highly contested. Objective: The aim of this study was …

Prognostic markers of primary progressive multiple sclerosis evolution are needed. We
investigated the added value of magnetic resonance imaging measures of brain and …

PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article provides an update on progressive forms of multiple
sclerosis (MS) commonly referred to as primary progressive MS and secondary progressive …

Importance Within 2 decades of onset, 80% of untreated patients with relapsing-remitting
multiple sclerosis (MS) convert to a phase of irreversible disability accrual termed secondary …

The secondary progressive phase of multiple sclerosis (MS), which is characterised by a
steady accrual of fixed disability after an initial relapsing remitting course, is not clearly …

Many challenges exist in the precise diagnosis and clinical management of secondary
progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) because of the lack of definitive clinical, imaging …

In most cases, multiple sclerosis (MS) begins with a relapsing-remitting course followed by
insidious disability worsening that is independent from clinically apparent relapses and is …

Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) has a highly heterogenic course making prediction of
long term outcome very difficult. Objective The objective was to evaluate current and identify …

Background: The anticipated rate of short-term worsening of disability scores is the basis of
power estimations in clinical trials of progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). While the clinician …