Amorphous glassy materials of diverse nature—concentrated emulsions, granular materials,
pastes, molecular glasses—display complex flow properties, intermediate between solid …

If crystallization can be avoided when a liquid is cooled, it will typically form a glass. Near the
glass transition temperature the viscosity increases continuously but rapidly with cooling. As …

Understanding glass formation is a challenge, because the existence of a true glass state,
distinct from liquid and solid, remains elusive: Glasses are liquids that have become too …

Many liquids cooled to low temperatures form glasses (amorphous solids) instead of
crystals. As the glass transition is approached, molecules become localized and relaxation …

Nanoscale or colloidal particles are important in many realms of science and technology.
They can dramatically change the properties of materials, imparting solid-like behaviour to a …

Colloids are suspensions of small solid particles in a liquid and exhibit glassy behavior
when the particle concentration is high. In these samples, the particles are roughly …

A wide variety of systems, including granular media, colloidal suspensions and molecular
systems, exhibit non-equilibrium transitions from a fluid-like to a solid-like state …

The long-standing observations that different amorphous materials exhibit a pronounced
enhancement of viscosity and eventually vitrify on compression or cooling continue to …

Glasses are rigid, but flow when the temperature is increased. Similarly, granular materials
are rigid, but become unjammed and flow if sufficient shear stress is applied. The rigid and …

Although the idea that entropy alone is sufficient to produce an ordered state is an old one in
colloid science, the notion remains counter-intuitive and it is often assumed that attractive …