Humans, like other complex aerobic organisms, possess highly evolved systems for the
delivery of dioxygen to all the cells of the body. These systems are regulated since …

Low oxygen (O2) levels are a naturally occurring feature of embryonic development, adult
physiology, and diseases such as those of the cardiovascular system. Although many …

Abstract Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), as a main transcriptional regulator of metabolic
adaptation to changes in the oxygen environment, participates in many physiological and …

The heart forms early in development and delivers oxygenated blood to the rest of the
embryo. After birth, the heart requires kilograms of ATP each day to support contractility for …

Sensing and responding to fluxes in oxygen tension is perhaps the single most important
variable in physiology, and animal tissues have developed a number of essential …

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are highly conserved transcription factors that are crucial for
adaptation of metazoans to limited oxygen availability. Recently, HIF activation and …

Simple Summary The regulation of hypoxia has recently emerged as having a central impact
in mitochondrial function and dysfunction in various diseases, including the major disorders …

Myocardial ischemia, the most common cause of cardiac hypoxia in clinical medicine,
occurs when oxygen delivery cannot meet myocardial metabolic requirements in the heart …

Atherosclerosis is a highly prevalent disease that can significantly increase the risk of major
vascular events, such as myocardial or cerebral infarctions. The anoxemia theory states that …

The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) family has three distinct members in most vertebrates. All
three HIFs consist of a unique and oxygen-labile α-subunit and a common and stable β …