Prolonged and intense stress chronically increases blood concentration of glucocorticoids,
which in turn causes downregulation of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the central nervous …

Dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and abnormalities in the
glucocorticoid receptor (GR) have been linked to major depressive disorder. Given the …

Dysfunctional glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling has been shown to be involved in the
pathogenesis of depressive behavior in mice and humans. In accordance with this …

Glucocorticoids are vital stress response hormones and facilitate stress coping. However,
sustained glucocorticoid exposure is associated with negative effects on brain. The precise …

Major depression is thought to originate from maladaptation to adverse events, particularly
when impairments occur in mood-related brain regions. Hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal …

The gene coding for the neurotrophin Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is a stress-
responsive gene. Changes in its expression may underlie some of the pathological effects of …

Long-term stress is known to cause aberrant synaptic plasticity and to impair learning and
memory. Recent studies show that acute high concentration of glucocorticoids exerts similar …

Chronic stress induces altered energy metabolism and plays important roles in the etiology
of depression, in which the glucocorticoid negative feedback is disrupted due to imbalanced …

Adolescent stress predisposes individuals to increased risk for anxiety and depression in
adulthood. The stress response is mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) via …

Depression is considered a common mental disorder that affects more than 300 million
people worldwide. Despite this high incidence, its etiology is not completely elucidated …