Given the important role of adjuvants in prophylactic vaccines, identification and
development of new adjuvants with enhanced efficacy and safety is necessary. The use of …

The concept of stimulating the body's immune response is the basis underlying vaccination.
Vaccines act by initiating the innate immune response and activating antigen presenting …

Research over the past several decades has provided insight into the mode of action of
adjuvants. However, the main focus of attention has been the efficacy in the induction of …

After decades of slow progress, the last years have seen a rapid acceleration of the
development of adjuvanted vaccines which have lately been approved for human use …

How Do Adjuvants Work? Important Considerations for New Generation Adjuvants: Immunity
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Sixty years ago Ramon demonstrated that it was possible to augment the antitoxin response
to diphtheria and tetanus by administering vaccines with pyogenic bacteria or with various …

Highlights•New adjuvants are typically a combination of delivery system and an immune
potentiator.•A deeper understanding of innate immunity has helped the discovery of new …

Adjuvants are substances that boost the immunogenicity of vaccines. However, most
successful vaccines have been derived empirically and are capable of inducing robust T …

Vaccine adjuvants are expected to play an important role in enhancing the immunogenicity
of existing and new-generation vaccines against infectious diseases. In particular, adjuvants …

Highlights•Insoluble aluminum salts have long been used to stimulate B and CD4 T cell
responses.•The need for IL-1/MyD88 for alum's adjuvancy depends on the site of …