Leaf plastids harbor a plethora of biochemical reactions including photosynthesis, one of the
most important metabolic pathways on Earth. Scientists are eager to unveil the physiological …

Publisher Summary In higher plants, the process of photosynthesis occurs within specific
membrane bounded organelles called “chloroplasts.” All the chloroplasts exhibit three major …

The performance of the photosynthesis machinery in plants, including light harvesting,
electron transport, and protein repair, is controlled by structural changes in the thylakoid …

Organelles are surrounded by membranes with a distinct lipid and protein composition.
While it is well established that lipids affect protein functioning and vice versa, it has been …

Chloroplasts are descendants of an ancient endosymbiotic cyanobacterium that lived inside
a eukaryotic cell. They inherited the prokaryotic double membrane envelope from …

Photosynthesis is a well-known process that has been intensively investigated, but less is
known about the biogenesis of the thylakoid membrane that harbors the photosynthetic …

The prolamellar body (PLB) is a periodic bicontinuous membrane structure based on tubular
tetrahedral units. PLBs are present in plant etioplasts and, upon illumination, directly …

In chloroplasts of land plants, the thylakoid network is organized into appressed regions
called grana stacks and loosely arranged parallel stroma thylakoids. Many factors …

We performed for the first time three-dimensional (3D) modelling of the entire chloroplast
structure. Stacks of optical slices obtained by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) …

Most organisms on Earth use glucose, a photosynthetic product, as energy source. The
chloroplast, the home of photosynthesis, is the most representative and characteristic …