The present meta-analysis tests the bottom-up and top-down models of self-esteem, by
synthesizing the available longitudinal evidence on prospective effects between global and …

A recent meta-analysis, of 38 studies with data from 43 independent samples (total N=
24,668), claimed evidence for positive reciprocal prospective effects, and hence for both top …

Debates about the benefits of self-esteem have persisted for decades, both in the scientific
literature and in the popular press. Although many researchers and lay people have argued …

This chapter examines areas of behavior that are less closely related to overall or global self-
esteem (divergent validity) and areas that are more closely related (convergent validity). Self …

Classical theoretical perspectives have implied that either global self-esteem has an impact
on domain-specific self-esteem (top-down) or domain-specific self-esteem affects global self …

Self-esteem, viewed for decades as psychology's Holy Grail, has proved to be an elusive
and surprisingly porous vessel. Despite popular beliefs that self-esteem plays a causal role …

Trait self-esteem ranks among the most widely investigated yet misunderstood constructs in
behavioral science. Despite the fact that thousands of studies have examined individual …

In this paper, we attempt to shed light on the nature of, relevance of, and relationship
between global self-esteem and specific self-esteem. We marshal evidence that the two …

Self-esteem is clearly one of the most popular topics in modern psychology, with more than
35,000 publications on the subject of this construct. This exceptionally wide and diverse …

This meta-analysis examines gender differences in 10 specific domains of self-esteem
across 115 studies, including 428 effect sizes and 32,486 individuals. In a mixed-effects …